SQL Formatter
Format and beautify SQL queries with proper indentation and keyword highlighting. Also minify SQL for compact output. All processing done in your browser.
Formatted SQL will appear here...
How to Use SQL Formatter
Paste SQL
Enter or paste your SQL query into the input area.
Format or Minify
Click Format for readable output or Minify for compact output.
Copy Result
Copy the formatted or minified SQL to your clipboard.
What is SQL Formatting?
SQL formatting (also known as SQL beautification or SQL prettifying) is the process of restructuring SQL code to make it more readable. Proper formatting includes consistent indentation of clauses, line breaks around keywords, and standardized capitalization.
Benefits of Formatting
Improved Readability
Well-formatted SQL is easier to understand and debug
Better Collaboration
Consistent style helps teams work together efficiently
Easier Maintenance
Formatted queries are simpler to modify and extend
Frequently Asked Questions
The formatter works with standard SQL syntax and is compatible with MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, SQL Server, and Oracle SQL. It handles common keywords like SELECT, FROM, WHERE, JOIN, GROUP BY, ORDER BY, and more.
No, this tool focuses on formatting and beautification. It does not validate whether the SQL is syntactically correct or will execute successfully against a database.
Minification removes unnecessary whitespace, newlines, and comments from your SQL, producing a compact single-line version suitable for embedding in code or reducing data transfer size.
The standard read/write set - SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE - plus DDL (CREATE TABLE, ALTER, DROP), CTEs (WITH ... AS), and window functions with OVER (PARTITION BY ...). JOIN keywords and their ON clauses get dedicated alignment so join conditions line up under their joins.
No. The formatter is whitespace- and keyword-aware but semantics-preserving: string literals, identifiers, and values pass through untouched, so the execution plan is identical. Minification removes only insignificant whitespace and comments - but beware optimizer hints embedded in comments; strip the comment and you strip the hint, so keep minified SQL for transport, not as your source of truth.
All descend from ANSI SQL, but each engine adds its own surface: PostgreSQL has RETURNING and DISTINCT ON, MySQL uses backtick identifiers and LIMIT n, SQL Server uses TOP n and square brackets, and SQLite has a famously loose type affinity system. The formatter stays dialect-neutral for shared syntax and leaves engine-specific constructs in place.
Each JOIN keyword starts a new aligned block with its ON or USING clause indented beneath; correlated subqueries get an extra indent level so nesting depth reads at a glance. CTE bodies format like top-level statements inside their WITH wrapper.
Shrinking SQL to one line strips insignificant whitespace and comments for cases where statements travel as single-line strings: ORM debug output, log parsing, SQL embedded in code, and URL transport in admin tools. It is a transport convenience - keep the formatted version as the editable source of truth.
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Authoritative References
Primary sources behind this tool - official standards and specifications, not secondhand summaries.
SQL - Wikipedia
SQL language overview: declarative queries, DDL/DML, and ANSI standardization.
PostgreSQL Documentation - SQL Commands
The PostgreSQL documentation covering SQL syntax — a rigorous reference for shared dialect.
ISO/IEC 9075 - Wikipedia
The international standard family behind SQL, tracing ANSI X3.135 to ISO/IEC 9075.